Five facts on Starling murmurations

By Kerry Williams

Communications Officer - Conservation

A murmur-what?

Prior to roosting for the night, groups of Starlings gradually gather in flight. They create a cloud of birds, turning in unison, creating shapes in the sky like billowing smoke. Groups can reach vast numbers; in some cases, hundreds of thousands. The name ‘murmuration’ comes from the sound of the constant rustle of wings, like the murmur of a crowd.

Why?

One reason is safety from predators, including the Peregrine. When your nemesis is the world's fastest animal, it’s wise to stick together. Starlings rotate position within the flock, so no-one is at risk on the edge for long; a bit like a penguin huddle. Congregating creates warmth whilst roosting in the colder months and is an opportunity to exchange information on feeding and roosting spots.

Where?

You can witness this display at several Sussex locations, including Brighton Pier. Arrive around half an hour before sunset in time to greet the first birds. Once the sun goes down, the Starlings disappear into their roost under the pier; like someone whipping away a tablecloth. Walking back along the boards, you can hear the birds under your feet, scuffling over the best perch.

When?

Murmurations are typically seen from September to February. Starlings are partial migrants, so whilst Starlings are a common bird to see all year round, others migrate from Europe for the autumn and winter months, joining the residents to create these gatherings.

But...how?

Despite continued study, how Starlings murmurate remains a mystery. There is research into the birds’ speedy reaction times to avoid collision, and thoughts that they communicate signals during. But like the best awe-inspiring phenomena, we don’t really know. Maybe that’s why it’s so magical.

Video © Kerry Williams (Starling footage © Kai Hilton)